Czechia
Based on the most recent published official birth records (and Birthgap harmonisation where noted).
In 2024, Czech Republic saw a significant decline in its total maternal rate, dropping to 64.3% from 69.8% the previous year, continuing a downward trend over recent years. At the same time, childlessness rose sharply to 35.7%, the highest increase in recent times, reflecting notable demographic shifts in family formation patterns across the country.
- Mothers now tend to have an average of 2.10 children, a slight increase over 2023, staying close to the long-term average for the decade.
- Average maternal age in Czechia rose slightly to 29.7 years, continuing a gradual upward trend seen over the past five years.
- The total fertility gap widened to 34.8%, indicating a growing shortfall from replacement-level fertility, with family sizes increasingly skewed toward two-child families (63.4%) in 2024.
In 2024, Czechia experienced notable declines in fertility and birth rates, alongside rising childlessness and increasing maternal age.
- Total maternal rate dropped sharply to 64%, ranking 14th in Europe
- Average children per mother steady around 2.1, mid-range in Europe
- Childlessness increased to 36%, placing Czechia 17th in Europe
- Average maternal age rose to nearly 30 years, ranking 17th in Europe
- Family window gap among highest in Europe, ranked 3rd out of 29 countries
Key fertility indicators — Czechia
| Total Maternal Rate (TMR) | 64.3% |
| Childlessness Rate (TCR) | 35.7% |
| Birthgap Indicator (TFG) | 34.8% |
| TGI (great-grandchildren per 100 parents) | 28 |
Motherhood prevalence (TMR)
Czech Republic’s total maternal rate (TMR) is 64.3% in 2024. It dropped sharply from 2023 (down 5.5pp). Over the past five years, TMR has been falling; the 2020–2024 average is 78.0%. Against the oldest decade baseline on record (2020s, 78.0%), mothers are now having lower by about 13.7pp children on average.
Globally, Czech Republic ranks 16 out of 42 countries for TMR. Within Europe, Czech Republic ranks 14 out of 30 countries for TMR.
| Year | TMR | Year | TMR |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 91.5% | 2010 | 73.2% |
| 1980 | 93.9% | 2020 | 87.2% |
| 1990 | 90.3% | 2023 | 69.8% |
| 2000 | 54.0% | 2024 | 64.3% |
Source: Eurostat; Human Fertility Database.
Children per mother (CPM)
The average number of children per mother in Czech Republic is 2.10 (2024). It is marginally higher than in 2023 (up 0.03). Looking at the last five years, CPM has been rising (five-year average 2.07). Compared with the long-run norm from the 2020s (2.07), mothers in Czech Republic are now having close to that long-run level children on average.
Globally, Czech Republic ranks 27 out of 42 countries for CPM. Within Europe, Czech Republic ranks 18 out of 30 countries for CPM.
| Year | CPM | Year | CPM |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 2.10 | 2010 | 2.07 |
| 1980 | 2.25 | 2020 | 2.02 |
| 1990 | 2.11 | 2023 | 2.07 |
| 2000 | 2.13 | 2024 | 2.10 |
Source: Eurostat; Human Fertility Database.
Average maternal age (AMA)
In 2024, mothers in Czech Republic had children at an average age of 29.7 years. It is essentially unchanged from the previous year. Over the past five years, AMA has been rising, averaging 29.2 years. Against the oldest decade baseline on record (2020s, 29.2 years), AMA now stands higher by about 0.4 years.
Globally, Czech Republic ranks 25 out of 42 countries for average maternal age. Within Europe, Czech Republic ranks 17 out of 30 countries for average maternal age.
| Year | BIRTH | Year | BIRTH |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 22.47 | 2010 | 27.62 |
| 1980 | 22.37 | 2020 | 28.57 |
| 1990 | 22.47 | 2023 | 29.60 |
| 2000 | 24.96 | 2024 | 29.67 |
Source: Eurostat; Human Fertility Database.
Total Fertility Gap (TFG)
Czech Republic’s Total Fertility Gap (TFG) is 34.8% in 2024 (equivalent to a TFR of 1.35). It increased relative to 2023 (up 4.8pp). Over the past five years, the Total Fertility Gap has been rising; the 2020–2024 average is 22.3%. Against the oldest decade baseline on record (2020s, 22.3%), the TFG stands higher by about 12.5pp.
Globally, Czech Republic ranks 17 out of 42 countries for TFG. Within Europe, Czech Republic ranks 12 out of 30 countries for TFG.
| Year | TFG | Year | TFG |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 7.3% | 2010 | 26.8% |
| 1980 | n/a | 2020 | 15.0% |
| 1990 | 7.9% | 2023 | 30.0% |
| 2000 | 44.4% | 2024 | 34.8% |
Source: Eurostat; Human Fertility Database.
Future Worker Gap (FWG)
Czech Republic’s FWG is 53.6% in 2024. It jumped noticeably from 2023 (up 9.3pp). Across the most recent five-year window (2020–2024), FWG has been rising with an average of 35.2%. Against the oldest decade baseline on record (2020s, 35.2%), the FWG stands higher by about 18.4pp.
Globally, Czech Republic has one of the highest FWG values (ranked 7/39). Within Europe, Czech Republic has one of the highest FWG values (ranked 3/29).
| Year | FWG | Year | FWG |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | -47.8% | 2010 | 5.6% |
| 1980 | -24.4% | 2020 | 22.2% |
| 1990 | -22.1% | 2023 | 44.3% |
| 2000 | 42.3% | 2024 | 53.6% |
Source: Eurostat; Human Fertility Database.
Societal Half-Life (SHL)
In 2024, SHL in Czech Republic is 51.4 years. It moved sharply down from 2023 (down 9.9 years). Over the past five years, SHL has been falling; the 2020–2024 average is 101.9 years. Relative to the earliest available baseline in the 2020s (101.9 years), today’s SHL is lower by about 50.5 years.
Globally, Czech Republic ranks 25 out of 42 countries for SHL. Within Europe, Czech Republic ranks 18 out of 30 countries for SHL.
Triple Generation Impact (TGI)
With this Birthgap (TFG) for every 100 people of fertility age in Czech Republic, there would be 28 great-grandchildren, representing a -72.0% drop from the current generation.
Globally, Czech Republic ranks 25 out of 42 countries for TGI.
Within Europe, Czech Republic ranks 18 out of 30 countries for TGI.
Birth trajectory
Milestones Years: - Births down 50% in 2075 - Births down 75% in 2127 - Births down 90% in 2195
Based on the 2024 birth pattern, total births would fall by half from 84,311 in 2024 to 42,156 in 2075, and by 90% to 8,431 in 2195 (ignoring migration).
Childlessness rate (TCR)
The TCR in Czech Republic is 35.7% as of 2024. It jumped noticeably from 2023 (up 5.5pp). Over the past five years, childlessness has been rising; the 2020–2024 average is 22.0%. Relative to the earliest available baseline in the 2020s (22.0%), today’s level is higher by about 13.7pp.
Globally, Czech Republic ranks 27 out of 42 countries for childlessness. Within Europe, Czech Republic ranks 17 out of 30 countries for childlessness.
| Year | TCR | Year | TCR |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 8.5% | 2010 | 26.8% |
| 1980 | 6.1% | 2020 | 12.8% |
| 1990 | 9.7% | 2023 | 30.2% |
| 2000 | 46.0% | 2024 | 35.7% |
Source: Eurostat; Human Fertility Database.
Total births
Total births in Czech Republic were 84,311 in 2024. It is down from 2023 by 6,814 births. Over the past five years, total births have been falling, averaging 99,729 per year. Compared with the 2020s average (99,729), total births are now lower by 15,418 births (15.5% decrease).
| Year | Births | Year | Births |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 147.8k | 2010 | 117.1k |
| 1980 | 153.8k | 2020 | 110.2k |
| 1990 | 130.5k | 2023 | 91.1k |
| 2000 | 90.9k | 2024 | 84.3k |
Source: Eurostat; Human Fertility Database.
Future Worker Gap (FWG)
Czech Republic’s FWG is 53.6% in 2024. It jumped noticeably from 2023 (up 9.3pp). Across the most recent five-year window (2020–2024), FWG has been rising with an average of 35.2%. Against the oldest decade baseline on record (2020s, 35.2%), the FWG stands higher by about 18.4pp.
Globally, Czech Republic has one of the highest FWG values (ranked 7/39). Within Europe, Czech Republic has one of the highest FWG values (ranked 3/29).
| Year | FWG | Year | FWG |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | -47.8% | 2010 | 5.6% |
| 1980 | -24.4% | 2020 | 22.2% |
| 1990 | -22.1% | 2023 | 44.3% |
| 2000 | 42.3% | 2024 | 53.6% |
Source: Eurostat; Human Fertility Database.
